Vol. 29, No. 2

1. The prevalence of diabetes is described as being more than____ in the U.S. and Canada.

a. 5%

b. 10%

c. 15%

d. 20%

2. The article states that diabetes remains the leading cause of all of the following, EXCEPT:

a. Blindness

b. End-stage kidney disease

c. Premature cardiovascular disease

d. All amputations

3. According to the article, clinical practice guidelines for nutrition therapy are:

a. shifting more towards a focus on single-nutrients.

b. becoming more macronutrient-centric.

c. shifting to more dietary pattern-based recommendations.

d. offering specific macronutrient recommendations, rather than ranges.

4. The article states that improvements in hemoglobin A1c and blood lipids can be seen when ___-GI foods are exchanged for ___-GI foods.

a. Low; high

b. High; low

c. High; mid

d. Mid; low

5. Meta-analyses of randomized trials of diets of varying macronutrient distributions have shown:

a. Long-term, significant weight loss and health benefits for all studies regarding low-carbohydrate diets.

b. Significant and sustained weight loss with higher-carbohydrate diets, only.

c. Improvements in blood lipids, but no weight loss with low-carbohydrate diets.

d. Weight loss and improvements in glycemic control with low-carbohydrate diets, but not superiority over moderate or high-carbohydrate diets.

6. Effects of the Mediterranean Diet Pattern, as studied in the PREDIMED trial, supplemented with either extra virgin olive oil or mixed nuts displayed:

a. Slightly decreased cardiovascular risk, by ~5%.

b. Reduction of diabetes incidence by as much as 53%.

c. Reversion of metabolic syndrome by ~8%.

d. No effect on hemoglobin A1c, but otherwise improvement in lipid profile.

7. Which diet, discussed in the article, reported clinically meaningful reductions in both systolic (~5mmHg) and diastolic (~2.5mmHg) blood pressure?

a. Vegetarian dietary pattern

b. Low-carbohydrate dietary pattern

c. Portfolio dietary pattern

d. DASH dietary pattern

8. The Portfolio dietary pattern is built on the foundation of a low-saturated fat diet, with the addition of which of the follow four cholesterol-lowering food components:

a. Insoluble dietary fiber, omega-3-rich fish, nuts, shellfish

b. Nuts, plant protein, soluble dietary fiber, plant sterols

c. Soluble dietary fiber, insoluble dietary fiber, plant sterols, plant stanols

d. Nuts, omega-3-rich fish, soluble dietary fiber, plant stanols

9. The secondary article cites that observational data suggest soyfood intake is associated with a(n) ______ risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

a. lower

b. higher

c. indifferent

d. null

10. The second article cites three specific components of soy that have the potential to favorably affect diabetes, which include:

a. Dietary fiber, fat, and lutein

b. Fat, protein, and isoflavones

c. Lutein, isoflavone, and phytochemicals

d. Phytochemicals, protein, and dietary fiber

11. According to the additional article, The 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recognize that soyfoods fit into which of the following dietary patterns:

a. U.S.-style

b. Vegetarian

c. Mediterranean-style

d. All of the above

12. According to the “Healthy Handout”, which type of soy provides 10g protein and 5g fiber in one, 1-oz serving?

a. Tempeh

b. Tofu

c. Soynuts

d. Edamame

Continuing Professional Education Credit